Protestantism is a major branch of Christianity that originated in the 16th century during the Reformation. It began as a movement against certain practices and beliefs of the Roman Catholic Church, emphasizing the authority of the Bible and the importance of individual faith. Protestants believe in salvation through faith alone, rejecting the idea that good works can earn salvation. This movement led to the formation of various denominations, including Lutheranism, Anglicanism, and Baptism, each with its own interpretations and practices, but all sharing core principles of faith and scripture.