Claude Monet was a French painter and a key figure in the Impressionist movement, which began in the late 19th century. He is best known for his use of light and color, capturing the essence of a moment rather than focusing on fine details. His famous works include "Water Lilies," "Impression, Sunrise," and "Woman with a Parasol." Monet's innovative techniques involved painting outdoors, a practice known as plein air painting. This approach allowed him to observe and depict the changing effects of light on landscapes and scenes. His work has had a lasting influence on modern art and continues to inspire artists today.