The Electorate of Saxony was a significant historical territory in the Holy Roman Empire, located in what is now eastern Germany. Established in the early 15th century, it became a key player in the political landscape of the region, particularly during the Reformation and the Thirty Years' War. The electorate was ruled by the House of Wettin, which played a crucial role in shaping its governance and influence. In 1806, the Electorate of Saxony was elevated to a kingdom, becoming the Kingdom of Saxony. This transition marked a shift in its political status, allowing it to gain greater autonomy and power within the German states. The region is known for its rich cultural heritage, including contributions to art, music, and education.