The Constitutional Convention took place in Philadelphia in 1787, where delegates from twelve of the thirteen original states gathered to address the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation. The goal was to create a stronger federal government that could effectively manage the country's needs. During the convention, key figures like George Washington, James Madison, and Benjamin Franklin contributed to the discussions. The outcome was the drafting of the United States Constitution, which established the framework for the federal government and included principles such as separation of powers and checks and balances.