$electronics refers to the branch of technology that deals with the design and application of devices and systems that use electrical energy. This field encompasses a wide range of products, including smartphones, computers, televisions, and home appliances. Electronics play a crucial role in modern life, enabling communication, entertainment, and automation. The core components of electronics include semiconductors, transistors, and diodes, which are essential for controlling electrical signals. These components are used in various applications, from simple circuits to complex systems like computers and robotics. As technology advances, the field of electronics continues to evolve, leading to more efficient and powerful devices.