A zoom lens is a type of camera lens that allows the photographer to change the focal length, enabling them to zoom in or out on a subject without needing to change the lens. This versatility makes it easier to capture images at various distances, from wide landscapes to close-up details, all with one lens. Zoom lenses are commonly used in photography and videography, providing flexibility for different shooting scenarios. They come in various types, such as wide-angle zoom and telephoto zoom, catering to different needs and preferences for capturing images in diverse environments.