Wave height refers to the vertical distance between the crest, or top, of a wave and the trough, or bottom, of the wave. It is an important measurement in oceanography and meteorology, as it helps to describe the energy and power of waves in bodies of water like oceans and seas. Wave height can be influenced by various factors, including wind speed, wind duration, and the distance over which the wind blows across the water, known as fetch. Higher wave heights can indicate more turbulent conditions, which can affect activities such as boating and surfing.