Water distribution networks are systems designed to deliver clean water from treatment facilities to homes and businesses. These networks consist of pipes, valves, pumps, and storage tanks that work together to ensure a reliable supply of water. The design and maintenance of these systems are crucial for public health and safety. The network operates under pressure to transport water efficiently, often using gravity to aid in distribution. Regular monitoring and maintenance are essential to prevent leaks and ensure water quality. Water quality testing and infrastructure upgrades are important aspects of managing these networks effectively.