The visceral pleura is a thin membrane that covers the surface of the lungs. It is part of the pleura, which consists of two layers: the visceral pleura and the parietal pleura. The visceral pleura helps protect the lungs and allows them to move smoothly within the chest cavity during breathing. This membrane is crucial for maintaining the pressure needed for lung expansion. It produces a small amount of fluid that reduces friction between the lungs and the chest wall. Any inflammation or disease affecting the visceral pleura can lead to respiratory issues, highlighting its importance in respiratory health.