Viral research focuses on studying viruses, which are tiny infectious agents that can only replicate inside living cells. Scientists investigate how viruses infect hosts, spread, and cause diseases. This research is crucial for developing vaccines and treatments to combat viral infections, such as those caused by influenza, HIV, and COVID-19. Researchers use various techniques, including molecular biology and genomics, to understand viral structures and behaviors. By analyzing the genetic material of viruses, they can identify potential weaknesses and design targeted therapies. This knowledge helps public health officials manage outbreaks and protect communities from viral threats.