A version control system (VCS) is a tool that helps manage changes to files over time. It allows multiple users to collaborate on projects by tracking modifications, enabling them to revert to previous versions if needed. This is especially useful in software development, where many people may work on the same codebase. There are two main types of version control systems: centralized and distributed. Centralized systems have a single central repository, while distributed systems, like Git, allow each user to have their own complete copy of the project. This flexibility enhances collaboration and reduces the risk of losing work.