A "variableName" is a term used in programming to represent a storage location in memory that holds a value. It allows developers to label data so that it can be easily referenced and manipulated throughout the code. The name typically follows specific naming conventions, which may include letters, numbers, and underscores, but cannot start with a number. In many programming languages, such as Python, Java, and C++, variable names are case-sensitive and must be unique within their scope. This means that "myVariable" and "myvariable" would be considered different variables. Properly naming variables enhances code readability and maintainability.