Valvular stenosis is a heart condition where one or more of the heart valves become narrowed, restricting blood flow. This can occur in any of the four heart valves: the aortic valve, mitral valve, pulmonary valve, or tricuspid valve. The narrowing can lead to increased pressure in the heart and reduced blood flow to the body. Common causes of valvular stenosis include age-related wear and tear, congenital heart defects, and conditions like rheumatic fever. Symptoms may include shortness of breath, fatigue, and chest pain. Treatment options often involve medication or surgical procedures to repair or replace the affected valve.