Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is a protein found in the inner mitochondrial membrane of brown adipose tissue. Its primary function is to generate heat by dissipating the proton gradient created during cellular respiration, a process known as non-shivering thermogenesis. This helps maintain body temperature, especially in cold environments. UCP1 is activated by free fatty acids and is crucial for energy expenditure. It plays a significant role in regulating metabolism and is of interest in research related to obesity and metabolic disorders. Understanding UCP1 may lead to new strategies for weight management and improving metabolic health.