Transient stability refers to the ability of an electrical power system to maintain synchronism after a disturbance, such as a fault or sudden change in load. This stability is crucial for preventing system failures and ensuring reliable electricity supply. During a transient event, the system's response is monitored to determine if it can return to a stable operating condition. Factors affecting transient stability include system configuration, generator characteristics, and the nature of the disturbance. Engineers use simulations and analysis to assess transient stability, helping to design systems that can withstand unexpected events while maintaining the balance between supply and demand in the grid.