Trans-Saharan trade refers to the exchange of goods and resources across the Sahara Desert between North Africa and sub-Saharan Africa. This trade route flourished from ancient times until the 19th century, connecting various cultures and economies. Key commodities included gold, salt, ivory, and slaves, with traders often using camels to navigate the harsh desert terrain. The trade was not only about goods but also about the spread of ideas and culture. Islam played a significant role, as many traders were Muslims who helped to spread their faith along the trade routes. This exchange fostered connections between diverse communities, enriching both regions.