Traffic congestion occurs when there are more vehicles on the road than it can accommodate, leading to slower speeds and longer travel times. This situation often arises during peak hours when many people are commuting to work or school. Factors such as road construction, accidents, and weather conditions can also contribute to congestion. When traffic is congested, it can cause frustration for drivers and increase the risk of accidents. In addition, it can lead to higher fuel consumption and increased air pollution. Cities often implement measures like public transportation improvements and traffic signal optimization to help alleviate congestion and improve overall traffic flow.