Traditional navigation techniques refer to methods used by sailors and explorers before the advent of modern technology. These techniques often relied on natural elements, such as the position of the sun, moon, and stars, to determine direction. Navigators would use tools like the compass and sextant to measure angles and maintain their course. Another key aspect of traditional navigation was the use of charts and maps, which depicted coastlines, currents, and landmarks. Sailors would also observe wildlife and weather patterns to predict changes in their environment. These methods required skill and experience, allowing navigators to travel vast distances without modern instruments.