Tinea capitis is a fungal infection that affects the scalp, commonly known as ringworm of the scalp. It is caused by dermatophyte fungi, which thrive in warm and moist environments. Symptoms may include itchy, scaly patches, hair loss, and sometimes inflammation or pus-filled sores. This condition primarily affects children but can occur in adults as well. Tinea capitis is contagious and can spread through direct contact with an infected person or by sharing personal items like hats or combs. Treatment typically involves antifungal medications, either topical or oral, to eliminate the infection.