Thoracoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive procedure used to diagnose and treat conditions within the chest cavity, including the lungs and surrounding structures. It involves making small incisions in the chest wall and inserting a thin tube with a camera, called a thoracoscope, to visualize the area. This technique allows surgeons to perform various operations without the need for large incisions, leading to quicker recovery times. The benefits of thoracoscopic surgery include reduced pain, shorter hospital stays, and less scarring compared to traditional open surgery. It is commonly used for procedures such as lung biopsies, pleural effusion drainage, and lung resections.