Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) are devices that convert heat directly into electricity using the Seebeck effect. This effect occurs when there is a temperature difference between two different materials, generating a voltage. TEGs are often used in applications where waste heat is available, such as in industrial processes or automotive systems. These generators are compact and have no moving parts, making them reliable and low-maintenance. They can be used in remote locations to power sensors or small devices, contributing to energy efficiency and sustainability. TEGs are part of the broader field of thermoelectric materials research, which aims to improve their efficiency and performance.