Thermal power plants generate electricity by converting heat energy into electrical energy. They typically use fossil fuels like coal, natural gas, or oil to produce steam, which drives turbines connected to generators. The process involves burning fuel to heat water, creating steam that spins the turbines, ultimately producing electricity. In addition to fossil fuels, some thermal power plants utilize nuclear energy, where nuclear reactions generate heat. These plants are crucial for meeting energy demands, but they also raise environmental concerns due to emissions and waste. Overall, thermal power plants play a significant role in the global energy landscape.