Thermal engineering is a branch of engineering that focuses on the study and application of heat transfer, energy conversion, and thermodynamics. It involves designing systems and processes that manage heat energy efficiently, such as heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, power plants, and refrigeration units. Professionals in thermal engineering work to improve energy efficiency and reduce environmental impact by optimizing thermal systems. They apply principles from physics and mathematics to solve problems related to heat and energy, ensuring that systems operate safely and effectively in various applications, from automotive engines to industrial processes.