Theoretical models are simplified representations of complex systems or phenomena used to understand, explain, or predict behaviors. They help researchers and scientists visualize concepts and relationships, making it easier to analyze data and draw conclusions. For example, in physics, models like the Bohr model of the atom illustrate how electrons orbit the nucleus. These models can be mathematical, graphical, or conceptual, depending on the field of study. In economics, for instance, the supply and demand model helps explain how prices are determined in a market. While theoretical models are not perfect, they provide valuable frameworks for exploring ideas and guiding research.