The neural correlates of consciousness (NCC) refer to the specific brain processes and structures that are associated with conscious experience. Researchers study how certain patterns of neural activity correspond to awareness, perception, and subjective experiences. This involves identifying brain regions, such as the prefrontal cortex and thalamus, that play crucial roles in generating consciousness. Understanding NCC helps scientists explore the relationship between brain function and conscious awareness. Techniques like fMRI and EEG allow researchers to observe brain activity in real-time, revealing how different states of consciousness, such as wakefulness and sleep, are linked to distinct neural patterns.