The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and spinal cord. It is responsible for processing and transmitting information throughout the body. The brain controls thoughts, emotions, and movements, while the spinal cord acts as a communication pathway between the brain and the rest of the body. The CNS plays a crucial role in coordinating bodily functions and responses to external stimuli. It receives sensory information, interprets it, and sends signals to muscles and organs to react accordingly. This system is essential for maintaining homeostasis and enabling complex behaviors in organisms, including humans.