The Knights Templar were a medieval Christian military order founded around 1119. Their primary mission was to protect pilgrims traveling to the Holy Land after the First Crusade. The order gained significant wealth and power, establishing a network of fortifications and banking systems across Europe and the Middle East. Known for their distinctive white mantles adorned with a red cross, the Templars became skilled warriors and played a crucial role in various battles during the Crusades. However, their influence waned in the 14th century, leading to their dissolution by Pope Clement V in 1312, amid accusations of heresy and corruption.