Telomeres are protective caps located at the ends of chromosomes, which are structures that carry our genetic information. They consist of repetitive DNA sequences and help prevent the loss of important genetic data during cell division. Each time a cell divides, telomeres shorten, which is a natural part of the aging process. As telomeres become too short, cells can no longer divide and may enter a state called senescence or die. This shortening is linked to various age-related diseases and conditions. Research into telomeres may provide insights into aging and potential therapies for cancer and other illnesses.