Tax reform refers to changes made to the tax system to improve its efficiency, fairness, and simplicity. This can involve altering tax rates, modifying deductions and credits, or changing how taxes are collected. The goal is often to make the tax system more equitable for individuals and businesses while ensuring sufficient revenue for government services. Governments may pursue tax reform to stimulate economic growth, reduce the tax burden on certain groups, or address budget deficits. For example, reforms might target the middle class or small businesses to encourage spending and investment, ultimately benefiting the overall economy.