A tattoo machine is a device used by tattoo artists to create permanent designs on the skin. It works by using a needle that punctures the skin and injects ink into the dermis layer. There are different types of tattoo machines, including coil machines and rotary machines, each with its own mechanism and advantages. Tattoo machines are powered by electricity and can vary in speed and power. The artist controls the depth and speed of the needle, allowing for precise line work and shading. Proper maintenance and hygiene are essential to ensure safety and prevent infections during the tattooing process.