As tartarugas, or turtles, are reptiles known for their hard shells that protect them from predators. They belong to the order Testudines and can be found in various environments, including oceans, rivers, and on land. Turtles are characterized by their slow movement and long lifespan, with some species living for over 100 years. Tartarugas are ectothermic, meaning they rely on external temperatures to regulate their body heat. They are primarily herbivorous or omnivorous, feeding on plants, insects, and small animals. Many species, such as the green sea turtle, are endangered due to habitat loss and pollution, highlighting the need for conservation efforts.