A tailstock is a component found on a lathe, a machine used for shaping materials like wood or metal. It is positioned opposite the headstock and can be moved along the lathe's bed. The primary function of the tailstock is to support the workpiece, especially during operations that require stability, such as drilling or boring. Tailstocks can also hold various tools, such as drill bits or centers, which help in aligning and securing the workpiece. They are essential for achieving precision in machining tasks and are commonly used in both industrial and hobbyist settings involving machining and woodworking.