Surgical procedures are medical operations performed by doctors, often called surgeons, to treat injuries, diseases, or deformities. These procedures can be minor, like removing a small growth, or major, such as heart surgery. They usually involve making incisions in the body to access internal organs or tissues. Before surgery, patients typically undergo evaluations to ensure they are fit for the procedure. Anesthesia is often used to keep patients comfortable and pain-free during the operation. After surgery, patients may need time to recover, which can vary depending on the complexity of the procedure and the individual's health.