Surface-to-air missiles (SAMs) are weapons designed to target and destroy aircraft from the ground. They are launched from fixed or mobile platforms and can engage various aerial threats, including fighter jets and drones. SAMs use guidance systems to track and intercept their targets, ensuring effective defense against enemy air attacks. These missiles come in different types, ranging from short-range systems to long-range variants. Some well-known examples of SAM systems include the Patriot missile system and the S-400. SAMs play a crucial role in modern military defense strategies, providing protection for ground forces and critical infrastructure.