Stock markets are platforms where shares of publicly traded companies are bought and sold. Investors can purchase small ownership stakes in these companies, hoping to profit from their growth and success. The prices of stocks fluctuate based on supply and demand, as well as the overall performance of the economy. These markets play a crucial role in the economy by providing companies with access to capital for expansion and innovation. Major stock markets, such as the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ, facilitate these transactions, allowing investors to trade shares easily and efficiently.