Steenkool, or coal, is a black or brownish-black sedimentary rock that is primarily composed of carbon. It is formed from the remains of ancient plants that have been subjected to heat and pressure over millions of years. Steenkool is a significant source of energy and is commonly used for electricity generation and heating. The extraction of steenkool occurs through mining, which can be done either underground or through surface methods. While it has been a vital energy source for many countries, the burning of steenkool releases greenhouse gases, contributing to climate change. As a result, there is a growing shift towards cleaner energy alternatives.