Statistical modeling is a mathematical approach used to represent complex data and relationships. It involves creating a model that describes how different variables interact, allowing researchers to make predictions or understand patterns within the data. Common techniques include regression analysis, time series analysis, and probability distributions. These models help in various fields, such as economics, healthcare, and social sciences, by providing insights into trends and potential outcomes. By analyzing historical data, statistical models can inform decision-making and guide future actions, making them valuable tools for researchers and professionals alike.