Spring tides are the highest and lowest tides that occur when the Earth, Moon, and Sun are aligned. This alignment happens during the full moon and new moon phases, resulting in stronger gravitational forces that pull the ocean's water more dramatically. During spring tides, the difference between high tide and low tide is at its greatest. These tides can significantly affect coastal areas, leading to higher water levels during high tide and lower levels during low tide, which can impact marine life and human activities along the shore.