Spot metering is a camera exposure setting that measures the light in a small, specific area of the scene. This technique allows photographers to focus on a particular subject, ensuring that it is properly exposed, even if the surrounding areas are much brighter or darker. By using spot metering, photographers can achieve more accurate exposure in challenging lighting conditions. This method is especially useful in situations where the subject is backlit or when there are strong contrasts in light, helping to capture details that might otherwise be lost.