Sphalerite is a mineral primarily composed of zinc sulfide (ZnS) and is the main ore of zinc. It typically appears in a range of colors, including yellow, brown, and black, and often has a glassy luster. Sphalerite can form in various geological environments, including sedimentary and hydrothermal deposits. This mineral is important in the mining industry, as it is a significant source of zinc, which is used in galvanizing steel, making alloys, and producing batteries. Sphalerite is often found alongside other minerals such as galena and pyrite, making it a valuable target for mineral exploration.