Sperm banking is the process of collecting and storing sperm for future use. This is often done by men who want to preserve their fertility due to medical conditions, aging, or personal choices. The sperm is collected through masturbation and then frozen in a laboratory, allowing it to be stored for many years. The stored sperm can be used for various purposes, including artificial insemination or in vitro fertilization (IVF). Sperm banks ensure that the samples are tested for quality and diseases, providing a safe option for individuals or couples looking to conceive later on.