Spectral analysis is a technique used to examine the properties of light and other forms of electromagnetic radiation. By breaking down light into its component wavelengths, scientists can identify the unique "fingerprint" of different materials. This method is widely used in fields like astronomy, chemistry, and forensics to analyze substances and understand their composition. In practice, spectral analysis often involves using instruments like spectrometers to capture and measure the intensity of light at various wavelengths. The resulting spectrum can reveal important information about the physical and chemical properties of an object, such as its temperature, density, and chemical makeup.