Spaying and neutering are surgical procedures that prevent animals from reproducing. Spaying refers to the removal of a female animal's ovaries and usually the uterus, while neutering involves the removal of a male animal's testicles. These procedures are commonly performed on pets like dogs and cats to help control the pet population and reduce the number of animals in shelters. In addition to population control, spaying and neutering can provide health benefits. They can reduce the risk of certain cancers and other health issues in both male and female animals. Furthermore, these procedures can lead to improved behavior, making pets less likely to roam or exhibit aggressive tendencies.