Spanking is a form of physical discipline that involves striking a child on the buttocks with an open hand. It is often used by parents or caregivers as a way to correct behavior or enforce rules. The practice is controversial, with opinions varying widely on its effectiveness and appropriateness. Research indicates that spanking can lead to negative outcomes, such as increased aggression and behavioral problems in children. Many child development experts, including organizations like the American Academy of Pediatrics, recommend alternative discipline methods that focus on positive reinforcement and communication rather than physical punishment.