Space launch vehicles, commonly known as rockets, are designed to transport payloads, such as satellites or scientific instruments, from Earth's surface into space. They operate on the principle of Newton's third law of motion, where the expulsion of gas from the rocket's engines generates thrust, propelling the vehicle upward. These vehicles come in various sizes and configurations, including satellite launchers and crewed spacecraft. Some well-known examples include the SpaceX Falcon 9 and the NASA Space Launch System (SLS). Each vehicle is engineered to withstand the extreme conditions of launch and to deliver its payload to specific orbits or destinations.