Sovereignty refers to the supreme authority of a state to govern itself without external interference. It encompasses the ability to create laws, enforce them, and manage relations with other states. This concept is fundamental to the existence of nation-states, as it establishes their independence and territorial integrity. In modern times, sovereignty is often challenged by globalization and international organizations. Issues such as human rights, environmental concerns, and economic interdependence can lead to debates about the limits of state sovereignty. Nevertheless, the principle remains a cornerstone of international law and relations, ensuring that states can operate autonomously within the global system.