Situational ethics is a moral theory that suggests the best action depends on the context of a particular situation rather than fixed laws or rules. It emphasizes the importance of considering the unique circumstances and the potential outcomes of a decision, allowing for flexibility in ethical reasoning. This approach was popularized by Joseph Fletcher in the 1960s, who argued that love should be the guiding principle in ethical decision-making. Situational ethics challenges traditional moral frameworks by prioritizing compassion and the specific needs of individuals involved in a situation over rigid moral codes.