Singularity theory refers to a concept in mathematics and physics where certain conditions lead to undefined or infinite values. In mathematics, this often occurs in functions where a point causes the function to break down, such as division by zero. In physics, it is commonly associated with black holes, where the gravitational pull becomes so strong that not even light can escape, leading to a point of infinite density known as a singularity. In the context of technology, the term "technological singularity" describes a hypothetical future point when artificial intelligence surpasses human intelligence, leading to rapid and unpredictable advancements. This idea is often linked to the work of futurists like Ray Kurzweil, who suggest that such a transformation could fundamentally change society and human existence.