A simply supported beam is a structural element that is supported at both ends, allowing it to freely rotate and deflect under load. This type of beam is commonly used in construction because it is easy to analyze and design. The loads applied to the beam create bending moments and shear forces, which engineers must consider to ensure stability and safety. In a simply supported beam, the supports can be either pinned or roller supports. Pinned supports allow for rotation but not translation, while roller supports permit both rotation and horizontal movement. Understanding the behavior of simply supported beams is essential in fields like civil engineering and architecture.