Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) are advanced light detectors that convert incoming photons into electrical signals. They consist of an array of tiny avalanche photodiodes, which are sensitive to light. When a photon hits a diode, it triggers a chain reaction, amplifying the signal significantly. This makes SiPMs highly effective for detecting low levels of light. SiPMs are commonly used in various applications, including medical imaging, particle physics, and LIDAR systems. Their compact size, high sensitivity, and ability to operate in high magnetic fields make them suitable for environments where traditional photomultiplier tubes may not perform well.